The problem with a map like this is that the same value can be repeated as a value in the array, but not as the key of a map.
Attempting to find the original index positions *after* the sort has been done is a little hopeless because that information has been lost. If you didn't really care what order the three indices for the 1's at the start, for example, were reported in I guess you could cobble something together. But it wouldn't be straight forward.
If I had to sort that original array, 2 66 23 61 38 ..., I would write the index position on the back of the pieces of paper that held the values. Then I would do the sort. Then I would turn the values over one at a time and read off their original index positions.