Thread: Java (Derby) Help

I'm trying to create a simple database, a library. I've found that for my purposes JavaDB (Apache Derby) will do what I'm looking for.

I've downloaded the bin file from the Apache Derby site, and run through their SimpleApp example. I've tried to figure out the code but I can't seem to make heads or tails of it.

I've posted a slightly edited version of the code. ATM, I'm just trying to figure out how to connect to a DB and create a table.

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Properties;
 
public class Simple
{
    /* the default framework is embedded*/
    private String framework = "embedded";
    private String driver = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver";
    private String protocol = "jdbc:derby:";
 
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        new Simple().go(args);
        System.out.println("Simple finished");
    }
 
    void go(String[] args)
    {
        System.out.println("Simple starting in " + framework + " mode");
 
        /* load the desired JDBC driver */
        loadDriver();
 
        Connection conn = null;
 
        PreparedStatement psInsert = null;
        PreparedStatement psUpdate = null;
        Statement s = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try
        {
            Properties props = new Properties(); // connection properties
            // providing a user name and password is optional in the embedded
            // and derbyclient frameworks
            props.put("user", "user1");
            props.put("password", "user1");
 
            String dbName = "derbyDB"; // the name of the database
 
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(protocol + dbName + ";create=true", props);
 
            System.out.println("Connected to and created database " + dbName);
 
            // We want to control transactions manually. Autocommit is on by
            // default in JDBC.
            conn.setAutoCommit(false);
 
            /* Creating a statement object that we can use for running various
             * SQL statements commands against the database.*/
            s = conn.createStatement();
            statements.add(s);
 
            // We create a table...
            s.execute("create table location(num int, addr varchar(40))");
            System.out.println("Created table location");
 
            // and add a few rows...
 
            // parameter 1 is num (int), parameter 2 is addr (varchar)
            psInsert = conn.prepareStatement(
                        "insert into location values (?, ?)");
            statements.add(psInsert);
 
            psInsert.setInt(1, 1956);
            psInsert.setString(2, "Webster St.");
            psInsert.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("Inserted 1956 Webster");
 
            psInsert.setInt(1, 1910);
            psInsert.setString(2, "Union St.");
            psInsert.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("Inserted 1910 Union");
 
            // Let's update some rows as well...
 
            // parameter 1 and 3 are num (int), parameter 2 is addr (varchar)
            psUpdate = conn.prepareStatement(
                        "update location set num=?, addr=? where num=?");
            statements.add(psUpdate);
 
            psUpdate.setInt(1, 180);
            psUpdate.setString(2, "Grand Ave.");
            psUpdate.setInt(3, 1956);
            psUpdate.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("Updated 1956 Webster to 180 Grand");
 
            psUpdate.setInt(1, 300);
            psUpdate.setString(2, "Lakeshore Ave.");
            psUpdate.setInt(3, 180);
            psUpdate.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("Updated 180 Grand to 300 Lakeshore");
 
            //We select the rows and verify the results.
            rs = s.executeQuery(
                    "SELECT num, addr FROM location ORDER BY num");
 
            int number; // street number retrieved from the database
            boolean failure = false;
            if (!rs.next())
            {
                failure = true;
                reportFailure("No rows in ResultSet");
            }
 
            if ((number = rs.getInt(1)) != 300)
            {
                failure = true;
                reportFailure(
                        "Wrong row returned, expected num=300, got " + number);
            }
 
            if (!rs.next())
            {
                failure = true;
                reportFailure("Too few rows");
            }
 
            if ((number = rs.getInt(1)) != 1910)
            {
                failure = true;
                reportFailure(
                        "Wrong row returned, expected num=1910, got " + number);
            }
 
            if (rs.next())
            {
                failure = true;
                reportFailure("Too many rows");
            }
 
            if (!failure) {
                System.out.println("Verified the rows");
            }
 
            // delete the table
            s.execute("drop table location");
            System.out.println("Dropped table location");
 
            /*
               We commit the transaction. Any changes will be persisted to
               the database now.
             */
            conn.commit();
            System.out.println("Committed the transaction");
 
            if (framework.equals("embedded"))
            {
                try
                {
                    // the shutdown=true attribute shuts down Derby
                    DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:;shutdown=true");
                }
                catch (SQLException se)
                {
                    if (( (se.getErrorCode() == 50000)
                            && ("XJ015".equals(se.getSQLState()) ))) {
                        // we got the expected exception
                        System.out.println("Derby shut down normally");
                        // Note that for single database shutdown, the expected
                        // SQL state is "08006", and the error code is 45000.
                    } else {
                        // if the error code or SQLState is different, we have
                        // an unexpected exception (shutdown failed)
                        System.err.println("Derby did not shut down normally");
                        printSQLException(se);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (SQLException sqle)
        {
            printSQLException(sqle);
        } finally {
            // release all open resources to avoid unnecessary memory usage
 
            // ResultSet
            try {
                if (rs != null) {
                    rs.close();
                    rs = null;
                }
            } catch (SQLException sqle) {
                printSQLException(sqle);
            }
 
            // Statements and PreparedStatements
            int i = 0;
            while (!statements.isEmpty()) {
                // PreparedStatement extend Statement
                Statement st = (Statement)statements.remove(i);
                try {
                    if (st != null) {
                        st.close();
                        st = null;
                    }
                } catch (SQLException sqle) {
                    printSQLException(sqle);
                }
            }
 
            //Connection
            try {
                if (conn != null) {
                    conn.close();
                    conn = null;
                }
            } catch (SQLException sqle) {
                printSQLException(sqle);
            }
        }
    }
 
    private void loadDriver() {
 
        try {
            Class.forName(driver).newInstance();
            System.out.println("Loaded the appropriate driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
            System.err.println("\nUnable to load the JDBC driver " + driver);
            System.err.println("Please check your CLASSPATH.");
            cnfe.printStackTrace(System.err);
        } catch (InstantiationException ie) {
            System.err.println(
                        "\nUnable to instantiate the JDBC driver " + driver);
            ie.printStackTrace(System.err);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException iae) {
            System.err.println(
                        "\nNot allowed to access the JDBC driver " + driver);
            iae.printStackTrace(System.err);
        }
    }
 
    private void reportFailure(String message) {
        System.err.println("\nData verification failed:");
        System.err.println('\t' + message);
    }
 
    public static void printSQLException(SQLException e)
    {
        // Unwraps the entire exception chain to unveil the real cause of the
        // Exception.
        while (e != null)
        {
            System.err.println("\n----- SQLException -----");
            System.err.println("  SQL State:  " + e.getSQLState());
            System.err.println("  Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode());
            System.err.println("  Message:    " + e.getMessage());
            // for stack traces, refer to derby.log or uncomment this:
            //e.printStackTrace(System.err);
            e = e.getNextException();
        }
    }
}

Thanks to anyone who can offer some insight.

Can you explain the problem a bit more? Does your code compile? Are your receiving any exceptions when you run the code?

There isn't a problem, it complies and does what its supposed to do. Its just I don't know how it does it. Or what it does.

Thoroughly explaining that code could take quite some time. The comments in there should explain quite a bit. But to add to them:
1) you load the driver
2) establish the connection to the database
3) Make your SQL calls using Statement and PreparedStatement objects. These are grouped into a transaction (allows you to group database updates): the transaction is then committed (usually, you catch exceptions during the transation and, if an error occurs, rollback the changes to maintain database integrity)
Hope this helps. It'd be much easier to answer more specific questions you may have.