import java.io.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.IllegalFormatException;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* TextIO provides a set of static methods for reading and writing text. This version of TextIO
* is an alternative to the basic version (which uses standard input and standard output for its
* basic IO operations). When this version is used, a window appears on the screen. This window
* simulates standard IO when it is used by TextIO: When TextIO writes to "standard output", the
* output actually goes to the window. When TextIO reads from "standard input", the input actually
* comes from input typed into the window by the user. This is the default behavior, but it is
* possible to redirect the IO to files or to other input and output streams. When the (simulated)
* standard input and output streams are being used, the input methods will not produce an error;
* instead, the user is repeatedly prompted for input until a legal input is entered. For the most part,
* any other error will be translated into an IllegalArguementException. Note that when this version of
* TextIO is used, calls to the output methods in TextIO are not equivalent to calls to methods in
* System.out; output to System.out still goes to the usual standard output.
* <p>The window in which IO takes place remains open until it is closed by the user, even after
* the program that used TextIO ends.
* <p>This class does not use optimal Java programming practices. It is designed specifically to be easily
* usable even by a beginning programmer who has not yet learned about objects and exceptions. Therefore,
* everything is in a single source file, all the methods are static methods, and none of the methods throw
* exceptions that would require try...catch statements. Also for this reason, all exceptions are converted
* into IllegalArgumentExceptions, even when this exception type doesn't really make sense.
* <p>When this version of TextIO is compiled, a rather large number of .class files are produced. The
* class files all have names beginning with "TextIO". All of the class files are required for TextIO
* to run successfully.
* <p>This class requires Java 5.0 or higher. (A previous version of TextIO required only Java 1.1;
* this version should work with any source code that used the previous version, but it has some new
* features, including the type of formatted output that was introduced in Java 5 and the ability to
* use files and streams.)
*/
public class TextIO {
/* Modified November 2007 to empty the TextIO input buffer when switching from one
* input source to another. This fixes a bug that allows input from the previous input
* source to be read after the new source has been selected.
*/
/**
* The value returned by the peek() method when the input is at end-of-file.
* (The value of this constant is (char)0xFFFF.)
*/
public final static char EOF = (char)0xFFFF;
/**
* The value returned by the peek() method when the input is at end-of-line.
* The value of this constant is the character '\n'.
*/
public final static char EOLN = '\n'; // The value returned by peek() when at end-of-line.
/**
* After this method is called, input will be read from standard input (as it
* is in the default state). If a file or stream was previously the input source, that file
* or stream is closed.
*/
public static void readStandardInput() {
if (readingStandardInput)
return;
try {
in.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
emptyBuffer(); // Added November 2007
in = standardInput;
inputFileName = null;
readingStandardInput = true;
inputErrorCount = 0;
}
/**
* After this method is called, input will be read from inputStream, provided it
* is non-null. If inputStream is null, then this method has the same effect
* as calling readStandardInput(); that is, future input will come from the
* standard input stream.
*/
public static void readStream(InputStream inputStream) {
if (inputStream == null)
readStandardInput();
else
readStream(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
}
/**
* After this method is called, input will be read from inputStream, provided it
* is non-null. If inputStream is null, then this method has the same effect
* as calling readStandardInput(); that is, future input will come from the
* standard input stream.
*/
public static void readStream(Reader inputStream) {
if (inputStream == null)
readStandardInput();
else {
if ( inputStream instanceof BufferedReader)
in = (BufferedReader)inputStream;
else
in = new BufferedReader(inputStream);
emptyBuffer(); // Added November 2007
inputFileName = null;
readingStandardInput = false;
inputErrorCount = 0;
}
}
/**
* Opens a file with a specified name for input. If the file name is null, this has
* the same effect as calling readStandardInput(); that is, input will be read from standard
* input. If an
* error occurs while trying to open the file, an exception of type IllegalArgumentException
* is thrown, and the input source is not changed. If the file is opened
* successfully, then after this method is called, all of the input routines will read
* from the file, instead of from standard input.
*/
public static void readFile(String fileName) {
if (fileName == null) // Go back to reading standard input
readStandardInput();
else {
BufferedReader newin;
try {
newin = new BufferedReader( new FileReader(fileName) );
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't open file \"" + fileName + "\" for input.\n"
+ "(Error :" + e + ")");
}
if (! readingStandardInput) { // close current input stream
try {
in.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
emptyBuffer(); // Added November 2007
in = newin;
readingStandardInput = false;
inputErrorCount = 0;
inputFileName = fileName;
}
}
/**
* Puts a GUI file-selection dialog box on the screen in which the user can select
* an input file. If the user cancels the dialog instead of selecting a file, it is
* not considered an error, but the return value of the subroutine is false.
* If the user does select a file, but there is an error while trying to open the
* file, then an exception of type IllegalArgumentException is thrown. Finally, if
* the user selects a file and it is successfully opened, then the return value of the
* subroutine is true, and the input routines will read from the file, instead of
* from standard input. If the user cancels, or if any error occurs, then the
* previous input source is not changed.
* <p>NOTE: Calling this method starts a GUI user interface thread, which can continue
* to run even if the thread that runs the main program ends. If you use this method
* in a non-GUI program, it might be necessary to call System.exit(0) at the end of the main()
* routine to shut down the Java virtual machine completely.
*/
public static boolean readUserSelectedFile() {
if (fileDialog == null)
fileDialog = new JFileChooser();
fileDialog.setDialogTitle("Select File for Input");
int option = fileDialog.showOpenDialog(console);
if (option != JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
return false;
File selectedFile = fileDialog.getSelectedFile();
BufferedReader newin;
try {
newin = new BufferedReader( new FileReader(selectedFile) );
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't open file \"" + selectedFile.getName() + "\" for input.\n"
+ "(Error :" + e + ")");
}
if (!readingStandardInput) { // close current file
try {
in.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
emptyBuffer(); // Added November 2007
in = newin;
inputFileName = selectedFile.getName();
readingStandardInput = false;
inputErrorCount = 0;
return true;
}
/**
* After this method is called, output will be written to standard output (as it
* is in the default state). If a file or stream was previously open for output, it
* will be closed.
*/
public static void writeStandardOutput() {
if (writingStandardOutput)
return;
try {
out.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
outputFileName = null;
outputErrorCount = 0;
out = standardOutput;
writingStandardOutput = true;
}
/**
* After this method is called, output will be sent to outputStream, provided it
* is non-null. If outputStream is null, then this method has the same effect
* as calling writeStandardOutput(); that is, future output will be sent to the
* standard output stream.
*/
public static void writeStream(OutputStream outputStream) {
if (outputStream == null)
writeStandardOutput();
else
writeStream(new PrintWriter(outputStream));
}
/**
* After this method is called, output will be sent to outputStream, provided it
* is non-null. If outputStream is null, then this method has the same effect
* as calling writeStandardOutput(); that is, future output will be sent to the
* standard output stream.
*/
public static void writeStream(PrintWriter outputStream) {
if (outputStream == null)
writeStandardOutput();
else {
out = outputStream;
outputFileName = null;
outputErrorCount = 0;
writingStandardOutput = false;
}
}
/**
* Opens a file with a specified name for output. If the file name is null, this has
* the same effect as calling writeStandardOutput(); that is, output will be sent to standard
* output. If an
* error occurs while trying to open the file, an exception of type IllegalArgumentException
* is thrown. If the file is opened successfully, then after this method is called,
* all of the output routines will write to the file, instead of to standard output.
* If an error occurs, the output destination is not changed.
* <p>NOTE: Calling this method starts a GUI user interface thread, which can continue
* to run even if the thread that runs the main program ends. If you use this method
* in a non-GUI program, it might be necessary to call System.exit(0) at the end of the main()
* routine to shut down the Java virtual machine completely.
*/
public static void writeFile(String fileName) {
if (fileName == null) // Go back to reading standard output
writeStandardOutput();
else {
PrintWriter newout;
try {
newout = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(fileName));
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't open file \"" + fileName + "\" for output.\n"
+ "(Error :" + e + ")");
}
if (!writingStandardOutput) {
try {
out.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
out = newout;
writingStandardOutput = false;
outputFileName = fileName;
outputErrorCount = 0;
}
}
/**
* Puts a GUI file-selection dialog box on the screen in which the user can select
* an output file. If the user cancels the dialog instead of selecting a file, it is
* not considered an error, but the return value of the subroutine is false.
* If the user does select a file, but there is an error while trying to open the
* file, then an exception of type IllegalArgumentException is thrown. Finally, if
* the user selects a file and it is successfully opened, then the return value of the
* subroutine is true, and the output routines will write to the file, instead of
* to standard output. If the user cancels, or if an error occurs, then the current
* output destination is not changed.
*/
public static boolean writeUserSelectedFile() {
if (fileDialog == null)
fileDialog = new JFileChooser();
fileDialog.setDialogTitle("Select File for Output");
File selectedFile;
while (true) {
int option = fileDialog.showSaveDialog(console);
if (option != JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
return false; // user canceled
selectedFile = fileDialog.getSelectedFile();
if (selectedFile.exists()) {
int response = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(console,
"The file \"" + selectedFile.getName() + "\" already exists. Do you want to replace it?",
"Replace existing file?",
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
if (response == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION)
break;
}
else {
break;
}
}
PrintWriter newout;
try {
newout = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(selectedFile));
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't open file \"" + selectedFile.getName() + "\" for output.\n"
+ "(Error :" + e + ")");
}
if (!writingStandardOutput) {
try {
out.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
out = newout;
writingStandardOutput = false;
outputFileName = selectedFile.getName();
outputErrorCount = 0;
return true;
}
/**
* If TextIO is currently reading from a file, then the return value is the name of the file.
* If the class is reading from standard input or from a stream, then the return value is null.
*/
public static String getInputFileName() {
return inputFileName;
}
/**
* If TextIO is currently writing to a file, then the return value is the name of the file.
* If the class is writing to standard output or to a stream, then the return value is null.
*/
public static String getOutputFileName() {
return outputFileName;
}
// *************************** Output Methods *********************************
/**
* Write a single value to the current output destination, using the default format
* and no extra spaces. This method will handle any type of parameter, even one
* whose type is one of the primitive types.
*/
public static void put(Object x) {
out.print(x);
out.flush();
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
/**
* Write a single value to the current output destination, using the default format
* and outputting at least minChars characters (with extra spaces added before the
* output value if necessary). This method will handle any type of parameter, even one
* whose type is one of the primitive types.
* @param x The value to be output, which can be of any type.
* @param minChars The minimum number of characters to use for the output. If x requires fewer
* then this number of characters, then extra spaces are added to the front of x to bring
* the total up to minChars. If minChars is less than or equal to zero, then x will be printed
* in the minumum number of spaces possible.
*/
public static void put(Object x, int minChars) {
if (minChars <= 0)
out.print(x);
else {
out.printf("%" + minChars + "s", x);
out.flush();
}
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
/**
* This is equivalent to put(x), followed by an end-of-line.
*/
public static void putln(Object x) {
out.println(x);
out.flush();
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
/**
* This is equivalent to put(x,minChars), followed by an end-of-line.
*/
public static void putln(Object x, int minChars) {
put(x,minChars);
out.println();
out.flush();
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
/**
* Write an end-of-line character to the current output destination.
*/
public static void putln() {
out.println();
out.flush();
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
/**
* Writes formatted output values to the current output destination. This method has the
* same function as System.out.printf(); the details of formatted output are not discussed
* here. The first parameter is a string that describes the format of the output. There
* can be any number of additional parameters; these specify the values to be output and
* can be of any type. This method will throw an IllegalArgumentException if the
* format string is null or if the format string is illegal for the values that are being
* output.
*/
public static void putf(String format, Object... items) {
if (format == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Null format string in TextIO.putf() method.");
try {
out.printf(format,items);
}
catch (IllegalFormatException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal format string in TextIO.putf() method.");
}
out.flush();
if (out.checkError())
outputError("Error while writing output.");
}
// *************************** Input Methods *********************************
/**
* Test whether the next character in the current input source is an end-of-line. Note that
* this method does NOT skip whitespace before testing for end-of-line -- if you want to do
* that, call skipBlanks() first.
*/
public static boolean eoln() {
return peek() == '\n';
}
/**
* Test whether the next character in the current input source is an end-of-file. Note that
* this method does NOT skip whitespace before testing for end-of-line -- if you want to do
* that, call skipBlanks() or skipWhitespace() first.
*/
public static boolean eof() {
return peek() == EOF;
}
/**
* Reads the next character from the current input source. The character can be a whitespace
* character; compare this to the getChar() method, which skips over whitespace and returns the
* next non-whitespace character. An end-of-line is always returned as the character '\n', even
* when the actual end-of-line in the input source is something else, such as '\r' or "\r\n".
* This method will throw an IllegalArgumentException if the input is at end-of-file (which will
* not ordinarily happen if reading from standard input).
*/
public static char getAnyChar() {
return readChar();
}
/**
* Returns the next character in the current input source, without actually removing that
* character from the input. The character can be a whitespace character and can be the
* end-of-file character (specfied by the constant TextIO.EOF).An end-of-line is always returned
* as the character '\n', even when the actual end-of-line in the input source is something else,
* such as '\r' or "\r\n". This method never causes an error.
*/
public static char peek() {
return lookChar();
}
/**
* Skips over any whitespace characters, except for end-of-lines. After this method is called,
* the next input character is either an end-of-line, an end-of-file, or a non-whitespace character.
* This method never causes an error. (Ordinarly, end-of-file is not possible when reading from
* standard input.)
*/
public static void skipBlanks() {
char ch=lookChar();
while (ch != EOF && ch != '\n' && Character.isWhitespace(ch)) {
readChar();
ch = lookChar();
}
}
/**
* Skips over any whitespace characters, including for end-of-lines. After this method is called,
* the next input character is either an end-of-file or a non-whitespace character.
* This method never causes an error. (Ordinarly, end-of-file is not possible when reading from
* standard input.)
*/
private static void skipWhitespace() {
char ch=lookChar();
while (ch != EOF && Character.isWhitespace(ch)) {
readChar();
if (ch == '\n' && readingStandardInput && writingStandardOutput) {
out.print("? ");
out.flush();
}
ch = lookChar();
}
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type byte from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static byte getlnByte() {
byte x=getByte();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type short from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static short getlnShort() {
short x=getShort();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type int from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static int getlnInt() {
int x=getInt();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type long from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static long getlnLong() {
long x=getLong();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type float from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static float getlnFloat() {
float x=getFloat();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type double from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static double getlnDouble() {
double x=getDouble();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type char from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). Note that the value
* that is returned will be a non-whitespace character; compare this with the getAnyChar() method.
* When using standard IO, this will not produce an error. In other cases, an error can occur if
* an end-of-file is encountered.
*/
public static char getlnChar() {
char x=getChar();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type boolean from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
* <p>Legal inputs for a boolean input are: true, t, yes, y, 1, false, f, no, n, and 0; letters can be
* either upper case or lower case. One "word" of input is read, using the getWord() method, and it
* must be one of these; note that the "word" must be terminated by a whitespace character (or end-of-file).
*/
public static boolean getlnBoolean() {
boolean x=getBoolean();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads one "word" from input, discarding the rest of
* the current line of input (including the next end-of-line character, if any). A word is defined as
* a sequence of non-whitespace characters (not just letters!). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown
* if an end-of-file is encountered.
*/
public static String getlnWord() {
String x=getWord();
emptyBuffer();
return x;
}
/**
* This is identical to getln().
*/
public static String getlnString() {
return getln();
}
/**
* Reads all the charcters from the current input source, up to the next end-of-line. The end-of-line
* is read but is not included in the return value. Any other whitespace characters on the line are retained,
* even if they occur at the start of input. The return value will be an empty string if there are no
* no characters before the end-of-line. When using standard IO, this will not produce an error.
* In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if an end-of-file is encountered.
*/
public static String getln() {
StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer(100);
char ch = readChar();
while (ch != '\n') {
s.append(ch);
ch = readChar();
}
return s.toString();
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type byte from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static byte getByte() {
return (byte)readInteger(-128L,127L);
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type short from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static short getShort() {
return (short)readInteger(-32768L,32767L);
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type int from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static int getInt() {
return (int)readInteger((long)Integer.MIN_VALUE, (long)Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type long from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static long getLong() {
return readInteger(Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a single non-whitespace character from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if an end-of-file
* is encountered.
*/
public static char getChar() {
skipWhitespace();
return readChar();
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type float from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static float getFloat() {
float x = 0.0F;
while (true) {
String str = readRealString();
if (str == null) {
errorMessage("Floating point number not found.",
"Real number in the range " + (-Float.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Float.MAX_VALUE);
}
else {
try {
x = Float.parseFloat(str);
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
errorMessage("Illegal floating point input, " + str + ".",
"Real number in the range " + (-Float.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Float.MAX_VALUE);
continue;
}
if (Float.isInfinite(x)) {
errorMessage("Floating point input outside of legal range, " + str + ".",
"Real number in the range " + (-Float.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Float.MAX_VALUE);
continue;
}
break;
}
}
inputErrorCount = 0;
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type double from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
*/
public static double getDouble() {
double x = 0.0;
while (true) {
String str = readRealString();
if (str == null) {
errorMessage("Floating point number not found.",
"Real number in the range " + (-Double.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Double.MAX_VALUE);
}
else {
try {
x = Double.parseDouble(str);
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
errorMessage("Illegal floating point input, " + str + ".",
"Real number in the range " + (-Double.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Double.MAX_VALUE);
continue;
}
if (Double.isInfinite(x)) {
errorMessage("Floating point input outside of legal range, " + str + ".",
"Real number in the range " + (-Double.MAX_VALUE) + " to " + Double.MAX_VALUE);
continue;
}
break;
}
}
inputErrorCount = 0;
return x;
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads one "word" from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. A word is defined as
* a sequence of non-whitespace characters (not just letters!). When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown
* if an end-of-file is encountered.
*/
public static String getWord() {
skipWhitespace();
StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer(50);
char ch = lookChar();
while (ch == EOF || !Character.isWhitespace(ch)) {
str.append(readChar());
ch = lookChar();
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* Skips whitespace characters and then reads a value of type boolean from input. Any additional characters on
* the current line of input are retained, and will be read by the next input operation. When using standard IO,
* this will not produce an error; the user will be prompted repeatedly for input until a legal value
* is input. In other cases, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown if a legal value is not found.
* <p>Legal inputs for a boolean input are: true, t, yes, y, 1, false, f, no, n, and 0; letters can be
* either upper case or lower case. One "word" of input is read, using the getWord() method, and it
* must be one of these; note that the "word" must be terminated by a whitespace character (or end-of-file).
*/
public static boolean getBoolean() {
boolean ans = false;
while (true) {
String s = getWord();
if ( s.equalsIgnoreCase("true") || s.equalsIgnoreCase("t") ||
s.equalsIgnoreCase("yes") || s.equalsIgnoreCase("y") ||
s.equals("1") ) {
ans = true;
break;
}
else if ( s.equalsIgnoreCase("false") || s.equalsIgnoreCase("f") ||
s.equalsIgnoreCase("no") || s.equalsIgnoreCase("n") ||
s.equals("0") ) {
ans = false;
break;
}
else
errorMessage("Illegal boolean input value.",
"one of: true, false, t, f, yes, no, y, n, 0, or 1");
}
inputErrorCount = 0;
return ans;
}
// ***************** Everything beyond this point is private implementation detail *******************
private static String inputFileName; // Name of file that is the current input source, or null if the source is not a file.
private static String outputFileName; // Name of file that is the current output destination, or null if the destination is not a file.
private static JFileChooser fileDialog; // Dialog used by readUserSelectedFile() and writeUserSelectedFile()
private final static BufferedReader standardInput; // wraps the input stream from Console. (Set in static initializer.)
private final static PrintWriter standardOutput; // wraps the output stream. (Set in static initializer.)
private static BufferedReader in; // Stream that data is read from; the current input source. (Set in static initializer.)
private static PrintWriter out; // Stream that data is written to; the current output destination. (Set in static initializer.)
private static boolean readingStandardInput = true;
private static boolean writingStandardOutput = true;
private static int inputErrorCount; // Number of consecutive errors on standard input; reset to 0 when a successful read occurs.
private static int outputErrorCount; // Number of errors on standard output since it was selected as the output destination.
private static Matcher integerMatcher; // Used for reading integer numbers; created from the integer Regex Pattern.
private static Matcher floatMatcher; // Used for reading floating point numbers; created from the floatRegex Pattern.
private final static Pattern integerRegex = Pattern.compile("(\\+|-)?[0-9]+");
private final static Pattern floatRegex = Pattern.compile("(\\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\\.[0-9]*)?)|(\\.[0-9]+))((e|E)(\\+|-)?[0-9]+)?");
private static String buffer = null; // One line read from input.
private static int pos = 0; // Position of next char in input line that has not yet been processed.
private static Console console; // The GUI IO widget used for simulated input/output.
private static String readRealString() { // read chars from input following syntax of real numbers
skipWhitespace();
if (lookChar() == EOF)
return null;
if (floatMatcher == null)
floatMatcher = floatRegex.matcher(buffer);
floatMatcher.region(pos,buffer.length());
if (floatMatcher.lookingAt()) {
String str = floatMatcher.group();
pos = floatMatcher.end();
return str;
}
else
return null;
}
private static String readIntegerString() { // read chars from input following syntax of integers
skipWhitespace();
if (lookChar() == EOF)
return null;
if (integerMatcher == null)
integerMatcher = integerRegex.matcher(buffer);
integerMatcher.region(pos,buffer.length());
if (integerMatcher.lookingAt()) {
String str = integerMatcher.group();
pos = integerMatcher.end();
return str;
}
else
return null;
}
private static long readInteger(long min, long max) { // read long integer, limited to specified range
long x=0;
while (true) {
String s = readIntegerString();
if (s == null){
errorMessage("Integer value not found in input.",
"Integer in the range " + min + " to " + max);
}
else {
String str = s.toString();
try {
x = Long.parseLong(str);
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
errorMessage("Illegal integer input, " + str + ".",
"Integer in the range " + min + " to " + max);
continue;
}
if (x < min || x > max) {
errorMessage("Integer input outside of legal range, " + str + ".",
"Integer in the range " + min + " to " + max);
continue;
}
break;
}
}
inputErrorCount = 0;
return x;
}
private static void errorMessage(String message, String expecting) { // Report error on input.
console.clearTypeAhead();
if (readingStandardInput && writingStandardOutput) {
// inform user of error and force user to re-enter.
out.println();
out.print(" *** Error in input: " + message + "\n");
out.print(" *** Expecting: " + expecting + "\n");
out.print(" *** Discarding Input: ");
if (lookChar() == '\n')
out.print("(end-of-line)\n\n");
else {
while (lookChar() != '\n') // Discard and echo remaining chars on the current line of input.
out.print(readChar());
out.print("\n\n");
}
out.print("Please re-enter: ");
out.flush();
readChar(); // discard the end-of-line character
inputErrorCount++;
if (inputErrorCount >= 10)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many input consecutive input errors on standard input.");
}
else if (inputFileName != null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error while reading from file \"" + inputFileName + "\":\n"
+ message + "\nExpecting " + expecting);
else
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error while reading from input stream:\n"
+ message + "\nExpecting " + expecting);
}
private static char lookChar() { // return next character from input
if (buffer == null || pos > buffer.length())
fillBuffer();
if (buffer == null)
return EOF;
else if (pos == buffer.length())
return '\n';
else
return buffer.charAt(pos);
}
private static char readChar() { // return and discard next character from input
char ch = lookChar();
if (buffer == null) {
if (readingStandardInput)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Attempt to read past end-of-file in standard input???");
else
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Attempt to read past end-of-file in file \"" + inputFileName + "\".");
}
pos++;
return ch;
}
private static void fillBuffer() { // Wait for user to type a line and press return,
try {
buffer = in.readLine();
}
catch (Exception e) {
if (readingStandardInput)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error while reading standard input???");
else if (inputFileName != null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error while attempting to read from file \"" + inputFileName + "\".");
else
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Errow while attempting to read form an input stream.");
}
pos = 0;
floatMatcher = null;
integerMatcher = null;
}
private static void emptyBuffer() { // discard the rest of the current line of input
buffer = null;
}
private static void outputError(String message) { // Report an error on output.
if (writingStandardOutput) {
System.err.println("Error occurred in TextIO while writing to standard output!!");
outputErrorCount++;
if (outputErrorCount >= 10) {
outputErrorCount = 0;
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many errors while writing to standard output.");
}
}
else if (outputFileName != null){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error occurred while writing to file \""
+ outputFileName+ "\":\n " + message);
}
else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Error occurred while writing to output stream:\n " + message);
}
}
// ******************************* Defining the GUI ***************************************
/**
* A "Console" is a panel which simulates standard input/output. When this GUI TextIO class is used,
* a frame will be opened that displays a Console. When the output destination for TextIO is standard
* output, the output will appear in the window. When TextIO wants to fill its buffer with a line of input
* from standard input, the user will type a line of input in the Console, which will go into the buffer.
* There is also a scroll bar that can be used to browse lines that have scorlled off the top (up to 2000 lines).
*/
private static class Console extends JPanel {
JScrollBar scroller;
BufferedReader inputStream;
PrintWriter outputStream;
String[] lines;
int topLine;
int lineCount;
int rows, columns;
volatile boolean doingInput;
volatile String inputBuffer;
volatile boolean cursorOn = true;
volatile int inputStartLine, inputStartColumn;
volatile String typeAheadBuffer = "";
FontMetrics fontMetrics;
int lineSkip;
int charWidth;
final static int MARGIN = 6;
final static Color CURSOR_COLOR = new Color(200,0,0);
Console() {
int screenResolution = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenResolution();
Font f = getFont();
int points = f.getSize();
int newpoints = Math.max(points, (int)(0.5 + screenResolution / 6));
f = new Font("Monospaced", Font.PLAIN, newpoints);
fontMetrics = getFontMetrics(f);
if (points != newpoints && fontMetrics.getHeight() * 1.2 * 5 > screenResolution) {
f = new Font("Monospaced", Font.PLAIN, points);
fontMetrics = getFontMetrics(f);
}
lineSkip = (int)(fontMetrics.getHeight() * 1.2);
charWidth = fontMetrics.charWidth('W');
setFont(f);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(2*MARGIN + 80*charWidth, 2*MARGIN + (25-1)*lineSkip + fontMetrics.getAscent() + fontMetrics.getDescent()));
setBackground(Color.WHITE);
setForeground(Color.BLACK);
setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.LIGHT_GRAY, 3));
addFocusListener( new FocusListener() {
public void focusLost(FocusEvent evt) {
setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.LIGHT_GRAY,3));
}
public void focusGained(FocusEvent evt) {
setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.CYAN,3));
}
} );
addMouseListener( new MouseAdapter() {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent evt) {
requestFocus();
}
} );
addKeyListener( new KeyAdapter() {
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent evt) {
char ch = evt.getKeyChar();
if (ch == KeyEvent.CHAR_UNDEFINED)
return;
if (!doingInput) {
typeAheadBuffer += ch;
return;
}
synchronized(Console.this) {
doInputChar(ch);
Console.this.notify();
}
}
} );
lines = new String[2000];
lineCount = 1;
lines[0] = "";
scroller = new JScrollBar(JScrollBar.VERTICAL,0,80,0,80);
scroller.setEnabled(false);
scroller.addAdjustmentListener( new AdjustmentListener() {
public void adjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent evt) {
topLine = scroller.getValue();
repaint();
}
});
inputStream = new BufferedReader(new CIN());
outputStream = new PrintWriter(new COUT());
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (rows == 0) {
columns = (getWidth() - 2*MARGIN + 1) / charWidth;
rows = 1 + (getHeight() - 2*MARGIN - fontMetrics.getAscent()) / lineSkip;
scroller.setBlockIncrement(rows - 2);
scrollToEnd();
}
for (int i = topLine; i < topLine + rows && i < lineCount; i++)
g.drawString(lines[i],MARGIN,MARGIN+(i-topLine)*lineSkip + fontMetrics.getAscent());
if (doingInput && cursorOn) {
g.setColor(CURSOR_COLOR);
int x = MARGIN + fontMetrics.stringWidth(lines[lineCount-1])+1;
int y1 = MARGIN + (lineCount-1-topLine)*lineSkip + fontMetrics.getAscent() + fontMetrics.getDescent();
int y2 = y1 - fontMetrics.getAscent() - fontMetrics.getDescent();
g.drawLine(x,y1,x,y2);
g.drawLine(x+1,y1,x+1,y2);
}
}
synchronized void newLine() {
try {
Thread.sleep(20);
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
if (lineCount == lines.length) {
for (int i = 0; i < lines.length-1; i++)
lines[i] = lines[i+1];
lines[lines.length-1] = "";
if (doingInput)
inputStartLine--;
}
else {
lines[lineCount] = "";
lineCount++;
}
scrollToEnd();
repaint();
}
synchronized void putChar(char ch) {
if (ch == '\n') {
newLine();
return;
}
if (ch == '\t')
ch = ' ';
if (!Character.isDefined(ch) || Character.isISOControl(ch))
return;
if (columns > 0 && lines[lineCount-1].length() >= columns)
newLine();
lines[lineCount-1] += ch;
}
synchronized void deleteChar() {
if (lineCount == 0)
return;
if (inputStartLine == lineCount-1 && inputStartColumn >= lines[lineCount-1].length())
return;
if (lines[lineCount-1].length() > 0)
lines[lineCount-1] = lines[lineCount-1].substring(0,lines[lineCount-1].length()-1);
else {
lineCount--;
scrollToEnd();
}
}
void scrollToEnd() {
if (rows == 0)
return;
if (lineCount <= rows) {
topLine = 0;
scroller.setEnabled(false);
}
else {
topLine = lineCount - rows;
scroller.setEnabled(true);
}
scroller.setValues(topLine,rows,0,rows+topLine);
}
synchronized void doInputChar(char ch) {
if (ch == 8 || ch == 127) {
deleteChar();
if (inputBuffer.length() > 0)
inputBuffer = inputBuffer.substring(0,inputBuffer.length()-1);
}
else if (ch == 13 || ch == 10) {
newLine();
doingInput = false;
}
else {
putChar(ch);
if (ch == '\t')
ch = ' ';
if (Character.isDefined(ch) && ! Character.isISOControl(ch))
inputBuffer += ch;
}
scrollToEnd();
repaint();
}
synchronized void clearTypeAhead() {
typeAheadBuffer = "";
}
class CIN extends Reader { // "Standard input" is replaced in TextIO with an object of this type.
String buffer;
int pos;
public void close() {
}
public int read(char[] b, int offset, int length) throws IOException {
int ct = 0;
int ch;
do {
ch = read();
b[offset + ct] = (char)ch;
ct++;
} while (ch != 10);
return ct;
}
public int read() {
if (buffer != null && pos < buffer.length()) {
pos++;
return buffer.charAt(pos-1);
}
synchronized(Console.this) {
inputStartLine = lineCount - 1;
inputStartColumn = lines[lineCount-1].length();
char ch = 0;
scrollToEnd();
inputBuffer = "";
while (typeAheadBuffer.length() > 0) {
ch = typeAheadBuffer.charAt(0);
typeAheadBuffer = typeAheadBuffer.substring(1);
if (ch == 13 || ch == 10)
break;
doInputChar(ch);
repaint();
try {
Console.this.wait(25);
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
if (ch != 13 && ch != 10) {
doingInput = true;
cursorOn = true;
requestFocus();
while (doingInput) {
try {
Console.this.wait(300);
cursorOn = !cursorOn;
repaint();
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
cursorOn = true;
repaint();
}
}
cursorOn = false;
repaint();
}
buffer = inputBuffer + (char)10;
pos = 1;
return buffer.charAt(0);
}
}
}
class COUT extends Writer { // "Standard output" is replaced in TextIO with an object of this type.
public void write(int b) {
write(new char[] { (char)(b & 0xFFFF) }, 0, 1);
}
public void write(char[] b, int offset, int length) {
for (int i = offset; i < offset+length; i++) {
putChar(b[i]);
}
}
public void write(char[] b) {
write(b,0,b.length);
}
public void close() {
}
public void flush() {
}
}
} // end nested class Console
static { // static initializer opens the GUI TextIO window.
JFrame frame = new JFrame("TextIO Console");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
console = new Console();
in = standardInput = console.inputStream;
out = standardOutput = console.outputStream;
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout(2,2));
panel.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
panel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.GRAY,2));
panel.add(console,BorderLayout.CENTER);
panel.add(console.scroller,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.setContentPane(panel);
frame.pack();
frame.setResizable(false);
Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
frame.setLocation( (screenSize.width - frame.getWidth())/2, (screenSize.height - frame.getHeight())/2 );
frame.setVisible(true);
console.requestFocus();
}
} // end of class TextIO
LinkBack URL
About LinkBacks
Countdown type game help needed.
Reply With Quote
Related threads:
